Iraq
Iraq is a country of Asia which belongs to the
area of the Middle East.
ESSENTIAL DATA
Iraq lays out only 40 km of coasts: they
are located in the south of the country and give on the Arabo-Persique gulf.
The remainder of the relief is dominated by
the valleys of the Tiger and
Euphrate, the 2 principal rivers of the country. Climate
of Iraq east primarily of type arid
and desert (except for the
mountainous areas).
The Iraqi population is young (less than 15 years represent nearly 45 % of
the total population!) and unequally distributed (most of the country is uninhabited). The
principal ethniques groups are the Arabs (approximately 73 % of the population)
and the
Kurds (22 %).
Iraq has significant mineral resources: the
crude oil reserves are the 2 E
in the world while those of natural gas are the 7 E in the world. The exploitation of oil is the principal source of income. However,
the economy of the country was devastated by the 2 wars of the Gulf (in 1991
and 2003).
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Iraq
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Name
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Republic of Iraq
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Population
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26 783 383 inhabitants in 2006
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Capital
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Baghdad (4 797 000 inhabitants)
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Surface
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438 317 km²
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Administrative
cutting
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18 gouvernorats
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Principal
cities
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Baghdad (4 797 000 inhabitants)
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Mossoul (1 034 000 inhabitants)
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Bassora (406 296 inhabitants)
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Currency
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Iraqi dinar
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Official
language
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Arabic
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A
HISTORIC INSIGHT
The ancient history of Iraq merges with
that of Mésopotamie. To the vii E century, the
country enters the world arabo-Moslem: this period will last to the xix
E century. In 1920, Iraq is placed under the authority of the
United Kingdom: it is British protectorate. The country
obtains independence in 1932. The
Republic of Iraq is proclaimed in
1958. Saddam Hussein arrives at
the capacity in 1979. The country enters then during a time marked by several
wars: the war Iran-Iraq (1980-1988),
the first war of the Gulf (1991) and
the second war of the Gulf (2003).
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